Romanticism in The Scarlet Letter - 1596 Words

A Puritans FollyNever forget that only dead fish swim with the stream. -Malcolm Muggeridge. This famous quote justifies that to be an individual, one must break from society and think for himself, and only when he has done this, is he truly alive. Nathaniel Hawthornes novel The Scarlet Letter is about a courageous woman, Hester Prynne, and her struggle to split from society in order to live the loving life she has always wanted. By the use of symbolism, Hawthorne is effectively able to portray the forest, which promotes individuality, and the town, which rewards conformity. The clothes portrayed by the Puritans, the town, are dull and plain whereas those expressed by the Romantics, the forest, are vivid and eccentric. Also, the various†¦show more content†¦Even after the town has unfairly punished Hester, they still wish to punish her more. This signifies the cold and unjust nature of the Puritans, who want nothing more than strict laws and harsh punishment. In consequence, Hester refuses to show that the town has broken her and continues to keep her pride and remain dignified. In addition, the act when Dimmesdale mounts the scaffold to relieve himself of his guilt, serves as a transition between the town and forest, for although he is splitting from society, his is doing so in the confines of his own knowledge, not making it public. Dimmesdales ascend of the guilty platform serves as a remedy for his suffering for prior seven years (137). Although the act does not fully relieve him of his pain, as it should not, it gives him an excuse to keep moving on. This event shows that Dimmesdale is a weak and cowardly man, not yet strong enough to confess his sins, therefore forced to relieve his pain in this cowardly fashion. This event foreshadows that when Dimmesdale finally enlightens the town of his past adulteries, relieving him entirely of his guilt. Lastly, their confrontation in the forest allow Hester and Dimmesdale the freedom to express their true f eelings towards each other. As they sat next to each other, hand clasped in hand, on the mossy trunk of the fallen tree Hester and Dimmesdale were finally able to express their love and plan their escape from the horridShow MoreRelatedRomanticism in the Scarlet Letter Essay852 Words   |  4 PagesRomanticism is categorized as â€Å"a preference for simplicity and naturalness, a love of plain feelings and truth to common place reality, especially as found in natural scenes†. Nathaniel Hawthorne was an anti-transcendentalist and believed in the dark side of man, hence his dark romantic novel The Scarlet Letter. This allegorical novel depends heavily on symbol and character. The novel is chock full of symbolic dimension of images, characters, and descriptions. The Scarlet Letter defines the AmericanRead MoreRomanticism And Nathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter1461 Words   |  6 PagesRomanticism and Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter Literary Romanticism was a literary movement that started in Europe toward the late 1700’s and reached America in the early 19th century just in time for its peak years. Originally sparked by the Industrial Revolution, it was a response to the political and social conditions of the time as well as a challenge to the new type of scientific exploration and rationalization of everyday life. Writing that was grand and inspired great feeling andRead MoreRomanticism And Transcendentalism In Nathaniel Hawthornes The Scarlet Letter956 Words   |  4 Pages The Scarlet Letter - Research Paper Nathaniel Hawthorne is 19th-century author whose works were primarily classified as romanticism and transcendentalism. His works held many controversial elements for his time including the extensive use of feminist principles. Many of Hawthornes novels depict a different viewpoint on the defiance towards misogyny and patriarchal ways. The Scarlet Letter furthermore enhances these elements. Hawthorne’s novel, The Scarlet Letter, portrays the many elements of feminismRead More Use of Romanticism in Development of Characters in The Scarlet Letter2106 Words   |  9 PagesUse of Romanticism in Development of Characters in The Scarlet Letter      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   In Hawthornes revered novel The Scarlet Letter, the use of Romanticism plays an important role in the development of his characters. He effectively demonstrates individualism in Hester to further our understanding of the difficulties of living in the stern, joyless world of Puritan New England.   It is all gloom and doom.   If the sun ever shines, one could hardly notice.   The entire place seems to be shroudedRead MorePuritanism, Romanticism And Transcendentalism In The Scarlet Letter By Nathaniel Hawthorne983 Words   |  4 Pages Although Puritanism, Romanticism and Transcendentalism do not coexist peacefully, these almost worldview kind of people groups are deeply embedded into three fictional characters from the book, The Scarlet Letter written by Nathaniel Hawthorne. This enthralling and rich classic which takes place in Boston Massachusetts during the time of Puritanism gives the reader not only a taste of the Puritans and their staunch attitude, but also of a less common way of thinking andRead More Romanticism in Scarlet Letter, Ministers Black Veil, and Young Goodman Brown2077 Words   |  9 PagesAmerican Romanticism in The Scarlet Letter, The Ministers Black Veil, and Young Goodman Brown      Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚  Ã‚   Nathaniel Hawthorne took elements of the European romanticism and reshaped them into a new literary form that is called American Romanticism. The American Romanticists created a form that, at first glance, seems ancient and traditional; they borrowed from classical romance, adapted pastoral themes and incorporated Gothic elements (Reuben 22). Some of the definable elements of romanticism combinedRead MoreAnalysis Of The Scarlet Letter 1434 Words   |  6 Pagesvon Mises said â€Å"Romanticism is man s revolt against reason, as well as against the condition under which nature has compelled him to live.† Mises s quote means that people use romanticism to see different things in the world that reason cannot do. Many early settlers were anxious to create their own identity and by doing so, they changed their rational thinking. Because of this, many writers produced instructional texts and more stories, novels and poetry. American Romanticism was a new wa y ofRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter869 Words   |  4 Pagesbesides politics. Romanticism values intuition over reason, believes imagination could discover truths the rational mind could not, and contemplates nature’s beauty as a path to spiritual and moral development. Dark romanticism is a subgenre that has a dark view of human life. The most famous Dark Romantic writer, Nathaniel Hawthorne, emphasizes human proneness to sin and self-destruction, uses symbols that are considered dark, and believes that evil can overtake good. In The Scarlet Letter, Nathaniel HawthorneRead MoreRomanticism Is Essential to the American Culture954 Words   |  4 PagesRomanticism is essential to the American culture. It was sought out to be the central movement of the American Renaissance, being most mediated through transcendentalism and it continues to influence on American thought and writing. â€Å"Romanticism has very little to do with things popularly thought of as ro mantic, although love may occasionally be the subject of Romantic art. Rather, it is an international artistic and philosophical movement that redefined the fundamental ways in which people inRead MoreNathaniel Hawthorne s The Scarlet Letter1187 Words   |  5 PagesPuritanism in Red Nathaniel Hawthorne’s The Scarlet Letter shows the early view of Puritanism by concentrating on sin, guilt, and its effects on society. Nathaniel Hawthorne conveyed a dark and romantic style of writing in â€Å"The Scarlet Letter†, impacting the society by focusing on the concepts of romanticism. The Scarlet Letter is considered a classic book and is still read today. Nathaniel Hathorne was born in Salem, Massachusetts on July 4, 1804. He was the son of Nathaniel and Elizabeth Clark

The Evolution of Nursing - 1464 Words

THE EVOLUTION OF NURSING Nursing is a profession that can be recalled and accounted for since prehistoric times to now it has since come a long way. In fact in earlier times nursing was only a practice reserved for men. The first nursing school was established in India in about 250 B.C., and only men were permitted to attend because men were viewed to be more pure than women, until the 1800’s when nursing became an organized practice. Should one embark on a research about the history of nursing one would gather a lot of information, both interesting and controversial. However our group did in fact embark on a research on the history of nursing or should I say the evolution of nursing. We realized that as time went by the definition of†¦show more content†¦Within the period of apprentice nursing there was a Dark Period which extends from the 17th – 19th century. Nursing became the work of the less desirable women; these women took bribes from patients, stole patients’ food and us ed alcohol as tranquilizers. At this time no provision were made for the sick and no one took care of the sick. Following this period Modern Nursing was introduced by Florence Nightingale who saw the need for development in nursing. Modern Nursing is similar to what has been done for years. However the nurses responsibilities is of greater demands because of the advancement that was incorporated over the years, but rest assured the patients need is still at the forefront. The Period of Modern Nursing began on the 15th of June 1860 when Florence Nightingale School of Nursing opened in St. Thomas Hospital in London. Florence Nightingale (1820-1910) is the founder of Modern Nursing. She followed her Christian divine calling and committed herself to Nursing, caring for others especially poor people. She also dedicated her life to care for the sick and war wounded victims. In 1844 Florence Nightingale began visiting hospitals. She even spent time with nursing sisters of St. Vincent de Paul in Alexandria in 1850 and one year later she studied at the institute for Protestant Deaconesses in Kaiserswerth, Germany. In March, 1853, Russia invaded Turkey, Britain and France concerned about the growing power of Russia. This conflict becameShow MoreRelatedThe Evolution Of Nursing And Nursing1077 Words   |  5 Pages The Evolution of Nursing Bincy Kappen Kaplan University Advanced Nursing Roles MN 501 Carol, Dallred November 24, 2015 The Evolution of Nursing Advanced Practice Nursing licensure has four different specialties: Advanced Nurse Practitioner (ANP), Certified Nurse Midwife (CNM); Certified Registered Nurse Anesthetist (CRNA); and Clinical Nurse Specialist (CNS). The classic specialties in nursing have been pediatric, psychiatric, and mental health, women’s health, community health, and adultRead MoreThe Evolution Of The Field Of Nursing Essay1306 Words   |  6 Pagesnone as much as the nursing field. There is no question or doubt that in the next years to come that there will be additional changes and development in the field of nursing. Nursing has now evolved to become an â€Å"art and a science.† The purpose of this paper is to discuss the impact on the evolution of nursing, changes over the years and the implication on today’s nursing profession. To understand nursing and where it began, it is important to mention a key pioneer in nursing by the name of FlorenceRead MoreEvolution / History Of Nursing848 Words   |  4 Pages Evolution/History of Nursing --- Dorothea Dix Approximately one in five adults experience mental illness in a given year in the United States (Mental Health By the Numbers, n.d.). Adequate mental health care is extremely important to the general well being of the world’s population, and therefore should be focused on in nursing. Dorothea Dix (1802-1887) was crucial in increasing the quality of care given to the mentally ill in jails and asylums. She saw that poor people with mental illnessesRead MoreThe Evolution Of Nursing Profession1843 Words   |  8 PagesThe Evolution of Nursing The concept of specialty nursing evolve from the profession role of registered nurse as a result of changes in the healthcare demand for more knowledge focus and need for advance nursing education. Nursing profession has evolved thru out history to specialty focus area to meet this demand. Many of these specialties have resulted in, recognition, explanation and growth that had made and impact on the health care needs. For example many of these specialties has evolved withRead MoreThe Effects of Media in Nursing Evolution1207 Words   |  5 Pages The Effect of Media in the Nursing Evolution The Effect of Media in Nursing Evolution The media has played a huge role in the evolution of nursing. Its influence has been both positive and negative. I have chosen to research this subject because of the negative results and feedback that I will provide throughout this paper. This negative influence is directly affecting the number of people that are deciding to pursue nursing as a career. In a study of students in gradesRead MoreNursing Practice History And Evolution976 Words   |  4 PagesNursing Practice History and Evolution â€Å"The story of knowledge of multiple sclerosis is like a history of medicine in miniature† (Putnam, 1938, p. 806). My story began eighteen years ago, sitting in a University of Iowa neurologist’s exam room, awaiting the results of a magnetic resonance image of my brain. I was a twenty-six year old Caucasian female from rural Iowa and a recent nursing college graduate. However, I heard the neurologist’s explanation why his assessment revealed a multiple sclerosisRead MoreThe Evolution Of The Nursing Education System881 Words   |  4 PagesAlthough unclear when nursing first was created the history of nursing and nursing education is filled with years of rich history. It is believed by some that nursing education first started when Valentine Seaman, a New York physician, organized an early course of lectures for nurses who cared for maternity patients (Penn Nursing Science, n.d.). Fast forwarding to the 1960 s, federal financial support for educating nu rses permitted the revamping and modernizing of many nursing educational programsRead MoreThe Evolution Of Nursing Care Theories1463 Words   |  6 Pagesof the complexities of 21st century medicine is the evolution of nursing care theories in combination with a changing need and expectation of the stakeholder population. Nurses must be advocates and communicators, but must balance these along with an overall philosophy of ethics while still remaining mindful of budgets and the need for the medical institution to be profitable. It seems as if these issues comprise a three-part template for nursing: respect for patient value individuality, educationRead MoreThe Evolution of Nursing Informatics in the Healthcare Industry1888 Words   |  8 PagesInformatics is the science of processing data (Collins English Dictionary). Nursing informatics is defined by the American Nursing Association as â€Å"a specialty that integrates nursing science, computer science, and information science to manage and communicate data, information, knowledge, and wisdom in nursing practice† (ANA, 2008). Technology in the workplace has become one of the most talked about trends in nursing from the mid 1990’s to now as the technology nurses see on the unit and in the communityRead MoreEvolution Of Nursing Care Theories In The 21St Century708 Words   |  3 Pagescomplexities of 21st century medicine is the evolution of nursing care theories in combination with a changing need and expectation of the stakeholder population. Nurses must be advocates and communicators, but must balance these along with an overall philosophy of ethics while still remaining mindful of budgets and the need for the medical institution to be profitable (McCance, 1999). Nursing sensitive indicators reflect the structure, process and outcomes of nursing care, and thus are highly relative to

HRM Strategies and Organizational Change

Question: Discuss about the HRM Strategies and Organizational Change. Answer: Introduction The report focuses on managing change in organizations. Change is dynamic in nature. People, organization, the world must change in due course of time. If an organization does not support the change in their organizational culture along with other strategic functions, then it will not be able to sustain in the competitive business world. Modern business environment demands companies that are undergoing changes consistently to match the rapid pace of the sector of the industry. Several factors inhibit the rate of organizational change in a particular company. Both multinational and domestic companies need change. Multinational corporations require a change to adapt the nature of the market of the target country. Local businesses need change to meet the demands of the customers along with other market situations. Organizational growth is the result of developing a change in the company. However, there are many problems faced by corporations to initiate organizational change. The report discusses about organizational change in a trucking company. Performance gap can arise because of implementation of change in organizational culture. Managers of companies must identify the areas of changes in their respective organization where change is required. It can be anything such as technology, operations, HR practices, supplier relations, employee benefits, etc. The new practices in the workplace bring a significant change in the organization. The new yard manager of Top Trucking felt the need of organizational change within the company. Organizational change along with change management is vital for managing the sustainability of the business in the competitive marketplace. Change is required for the development of systems of operations and employee relations. Old practices of the company result in lower productivity (Alfes et al., 2013). However, it is the responsibility of the new owner of the business to identify the cons of the strategies of Top Trucking inhibiting performance. The new yard manager is competent enough to point out all areas that require improvement. The first area of improvement is the need for investment. The new owner of the company is ready to invest in the operations of the yard and other departments (Holland et al., 2012). The purpose of the investment is rejuvenating the fleet. The new management of the company br ings new uniforms of drivers. It helps the drivers in raising motivation among them. Training is also provided to the workers and drivers that enhance their productivity. A new computer system is included in the warehouse of the company that reduces many errors. The computerized system is far better than performing work manually. Training modules are also developed in a digital format that is more developed than previous. Drivers on receiving training and development on customer service and technical aspects will feel more confident in their work (Lauring, 2013). It also improves the relation between the different employees and drivers resulting in improved performance of various teams of the company. The visionary attitude of the new yard manager is responsible for all development of the enterprise. Now the company has managed to earn enough reputation in the market that has helped in gaining many contracts. More deals will lead to increased profitability. The approach of the new manager of identifying problems and finding an appropriate solution for it is a good sign of leadership followed in the organization. A reasonable point of view is necessary for every manager to identify and emphasize a given situation (Navin et al., 2014). The way of vision creates a significant impact on the organization as a whole. Overall, the relation between the drivers and the new yard manager is improving day by day. The new manager follows a form of participative leadership by resulting in an impressive performance of the company. Change management is the process of managing change in teams, individuals and organizations by utilizing the resources of the company in an efficient manner. Different principles of Organization Change management are practiced in Top trucking company. Theoretical models are also there that can be implemented in the enterprise (Sonnenberg et al., 2014). Kotter's model of change management is a traditional model that identifies problems along with providing practical solutions to it. Implementation of new policies in the company and the developmental prospect of the enterprise are complementary to one another. There are many practices listed above that are introduced by the new yard manager for improved performance of the business as a whole (Truss et al., 2012). However, he had to face many problems and grudges among the workers while implementing organizational change in the enterprise. The problems are gradually mitigated by the executive through effective communication among differ ent levels of employees of Top Trucking. A family previously owned the trucking company. Many problems were present in the operations of the enterprise, especially in the yard. It became a very terrible place to work by different category of workers. The yard manager was not easy to handle. He followed autocratic leadership in the company that results in decreased productivity along with bad employee relations. It is necessary for a company to listen from their employees about productivity, problems, areas of improvement, etc. The manager did not listen to their words or even their suggestions that lead to the lower productivity i.e. less profitability (Burgess et al., 2013). The above incidents signify that there is a situation of chaos prevailed in the company before the ownership change. However, after the change of property, the new owner is encouraged to invest in different departments that result in increased performance of the employees (Bratton Gold, 2012). The company is ready for implementing organization change. Recruitment of new executive in the position of yard manager is the primary initiator of executing changes in the business at various levels. The new manager has a different angle of vision that helps him in pointing the major areas of development. It would assist the company in appropriate budget allocation (Deery et al., 2014). The changes that are implemented in the organization bring about many risks and problems at the strategic level. When new modules of training are developed for the drivers, initially they are not happy with it. This happened because the impact of the training will benefit the engines on a long-term basis (Cuganesan et al., 2012). However, the blue-collar workers in the initial level do not understand this. Several other problems can arise in the new organization culture. If George and the yard manager do not handle the situations among the drivers and workers, then there will arise many problems that may hinder the positive changes in the company (Bacon et al., 2013). The biggest problem facing by the Top Trucking is a lack of communication among the employees of the organization. Initially, the new manager faces many challenges during the introduction of a computer system in the administrative regime of the company. The workers, in the beginning, are not aware of the benefits of the new regime. Yard manager takes many steps to solving the issues among the drivers. Previous yard manager, i.e. George due to his arrogant behavior is reluctant about the complications of the HR system of the organization. It is the responsibility of the senior manager of a company for resolving issues faced by the employees of the enterprise. New strategies led to many new problems that are smoothly handled by the yard manager (Baruch et al., 2016). A communication channel is maintained among the drivers about the productivity as well as developmental programs of the company. Arguments are there between George and the new manager regarding various issues of strategic management. Issues are also there between the junior level workers relating to the level of productivity of the new training module formulated for them. Organizational change brings a set of new challenges in a company that is discussed in the study. Change management processes are responsible for bringing new possibil ities of change along with solutions to many problems (Hendry, 2012). The workers or staffs working with transportation companies are adaptive to the various shifts in the organization. There is a difference between the public and service sector. The blue-collar union is mainly deemed as workers who are non-managerial and nonexempt. In other words, this occupational category encompasses skilled and semi-skilled production and laborers. The distinguishing aspect of blue-collar workers is its position in the division of labor in an organization (Gunasekaran Spalanzani, 2012). They are understood to be managed by supervisors and have low levels of control and autonomy in their duties and responsibilities. The standard HR practices are mainly training; compensation and employment security provide various incentives for participation (Holland et al., 2012). A blue-collar in other words is a working class resource that performs manual labor. They are mostly involved in manufacturing, transportation, and other types of works that demand physical labor. These workers enjoy protection from the union accompanied with labor legislations, Industrial Disputes Act. These workers are recruited in production and service based organizations which entail over minimum interaction with the management. The central point of high-performance work patterns lies growing emphasis rendered to teamwork and various work structures which revolve around groups rather than individual jobs. Numerous studies by experts reveal the interactive and cognitive skills which are imperative in case of blue collar workers and role assigned to them (Bratton Gold, 2012). The employee who works in service or public sector is sorted out among professionals regarding academic and professional expertise. They boast of professional qualification and experience which offers support to the compensation and job role as designated by the organization. The factual reality is these staffers have minor support from the unions. The flipside of this being least participation of the resources with the union (Delmotte et al., 2012). As per the given topic, the management may exercise the authority to exert changes in the ranks of the organization in consultation with the Directorate. The power of trade union varies over internal and external factors. In a transporting service company like the one given in the case study, the blue collar union functions with the labors in hand-in-hand. Since the transport firm mostly comprises of workers and staffs like drivers and others associated with the industry the union plays the limited part in the decision-making process (De Winne et al., 2013). This is different from public or other sectors. In a public sector, resources are typically qualified professionally who assumes an enormous role in the decision process. George has been designated with the managerial role, and he is contemplating to induce changes in the organization. The union, in this case, a blue-collared entity may agree to that with least scope of agreeable negotiation possible. Normally, in a public sector unit, unions have more influence regarding decision-making facets. However, in this case, George Psaros should take into confidence all the relevant parties, unions, and groups before undertaking any decision regarding operations (Burgess et al., 2013). Thus it may be said that the transport union employees or resources adapt to the various changes that happen in the workplace in a more compliant manner than the staffers who are working in the public service domain. Conclusion The report describes various aspects of organizational change and change management in companies. The concept of organizational change is compulsory for every company in a particular interval of time. Age-old policies of companies yield to negative results in an individual department. From the case study, it can be concluded that Top Trucking company needs an organizational change in a very fast pace. However, the company had identified their areas of improvement in right time that helps in improving the condition of the enterprise. It is mentioned in the case study that the new yard manager is solely responsible for maintaining successful change management in the company. Application of models of change management in organizations is proven successful to support organizational change successfully in companies. Top Trucking Company has forecasted impressive performance regarding gaining more contracts by their reputation. The company maintains a healthy balance between the fulfillmen t of the organization and effectiveness of the team. Emphasizing on these two aspects may result in increased profitability and better employee relations in the enterprise. Throughout the world, many companies like Top Trucking are very famous in the field of implementation of change management strategies at the organization level. References Alfes, K., Shantz, A. D., Truss, C., Soane, E. C. (2013). The link between perceived human resource management practices, engagement and employee behaviour: a moderated mediation model. The international journal of human resource management, 24(2), 330-351. Bacon, N., Wright, M., Ball, R., Meuleman, M. (2013). Private equity, HRM, and employment. The Academy of Management Perspectives, 27(1), 7-21. Baruch, Y., Wordsworth, R., Mills, C., Wright, S. (2016). Career and work attitudes of blue-collar workers, and the impact of a natural disaster chance event on the relationships between intention to quit and actual quit behaviour. European Journal of Work and Organizational Psychology, 25(3), 459-473. Bratton, J., Gold, J. (2012). Human resource management: theory and practice. Palgrave Macmillan. Burgess, J., Connell, J., Winterton, J. (2013). Vulnerable workers, precarious work and the role of trade unions and HRM. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(22), 4083-4093. Cuganesan, S., Dunford, R., Palmer, I. (2012). Strategic management accounting and strategy practices within a public sector agency. Management Accounting Research, 23(4), 245-260. De Winne, S., Delmotte, J., Gilbert, C., Sels, L. (2013). Comparing and explaining HR department effectiveness assessments: Evidence from line managers and trade union representatives. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 24(8), 1708-1735. Deery, S. J., Iverson, R. D., Buttigieg, D. M., Zatzick, C. D. (2014). Can union voice make a difference? The effect of union citizenship behavior on employee absence. Human Resource Management, 53(2), 211-228. Delmotte, J., De Winne, S., Sels, L. (2012). Toward an assessment of perceived HRM system strength: scale development and validation. The International Journal of Human Resource Management, 23(7), 1481-1506. Gunasekaran, A., Spalanzani, A. (2012). Sustainability of manufacturing and services: Investigations for research and applications. International Journal of Production Economics, 140(1), 35-47. Hendry, C. (2012). Human resource management. Routledge. Holland, P., Cooper, B. K., Pyman, A., Teicher, J. (2012). Trust in management: the role of employee voice arrangements and perceived managerial opposition to unions. Human Resource Management Journal, 22(4), 377-391. Lauring, J. (2013). International diversity management: Global ideals and local responses. British Journal of Management, 24(2), 211-224. Navin, A. H., Navimipour, N. J., Rahmani, A. M., Hosseinzadeh, M. (2014). Expert grid: new type of grid to manage the human resources and study the effectiveness of its task scheduler. Arabian Journal for Science and Engineering, 39(8), 6175-6188. Sonnenberg, M., van Zijderveld, V., Brinks, M. (2014). The role of talent-perception incongruence in effective talent management. Journal of World Business, 49(2), 272-280. Truss, C., Mankin, D., Kelliher, C. (2012). Strategic human resource management. Oxford University Press.

Poems Review Essay Example

Poems Review Paper Essay on Poems Her poems are strong, courageous. And then Id love to continue to review the verses, the verses .. but I can not write as she does so, she feels With her work introduced me to a friend:. You can find and order me a book? Of course, but who is the author? Yasha Casanova. Ele, I found the book, but it is sold only on the site with gay people. It is strange. Nothing strange. Are you a prude? -. No, Im not a prude  » There are no verses orientation. Whats the difference who they are so cleverly written that sneaks to tears, to bitterness. . Frank and relaxed, sharp and smooth One of my favorites: We will write a custom essay sample on Poems Review specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Poems Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Poems Review specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer I have a character of the pope Only with blue eyes This it would be nice only something did not match I have a character of the pope mouth only bitten too it would be juicy only I myself biting I have a character of the pope only thinner thighs, shoulders it would be desirable just hard to be a narcissist I have a character of the pope Once he poems writes lucky good mother dads sleep without dreams will not return Love much. Love this. This intimate and a general. In her lines as smells, tastes, images, movement, yin and yang .. sweet smell of tobacco smoke and the taste of honey mustard. She smelled like honey and milk, She went feline gait. I want to drink it mouthful, to voluntarily after giving up on fast. her veins ran grape juice. and in my scraping the road salt We have been different as a yogi, and iodine, But I bear loved her (. excerpt) some might say that this work of the entire Runet scored With this we can agree or sleep rit. But it does not matter, the important thing is that the lines go to the heart and at the right time come up in your mind. and all will be adjusted. will have new roofs, New building higher, higher and higher And if not pleasant rose, excused himself:. we are on you well

Explain the Difference between Marxist-based and Pluralist models of the Media Essay Example Essay Example

Explain the Difference between Marxist-based and Pluralist models of the Media Essay Example Paper Explain the Difference between Marxist-based and Pluralist models of the Media Essay Introduction There are many theorists that have revolutionised the way in which we think about the media by voicing their theories on what they consider the media to exist as and what it should accomplish in the future. Both Marxist-based and pluralist models of the media have become two of the most prominent forms mapping out its ideal role in culture and society. Firstly, the Marxist-based model of what we should consider the media to be is based on a theory of a heavily divided society that ultimately, in its many varied institutions does not share common goals or interests. Founded on the original theories of Karl Marx, Marxist ideology predicts the revolutionary overthrow of capitalism by the proletariat, and thus an evolution into a classless communist society. In this essay I will attempt to explain the idea of Marxist-based models and explore how they can be directly related to the media and its intricacies. Secondly, there are the pluralist models of the media which concern themselves wi th the theory that it is entirely possible and necessary that the media should defend the democratic order, and these theories are based on the idea that society is no more than an aggregation of individuals, which all have the right to liberality. I will explain the history of the pluralist models of the media, and investigate the concepts and ideals that they occupy. As a framework for this essay, I will be continuously comparing the two mentioned models of the media, explaining their differences, positive and negative aspects, and possible appliances in the media today. The most obvious difference between the Marxist and the pluralist models of the media is that of their opposing theories of society; where the Marxist-based model believes in an ultimately separated society of fundamentally different groups all with their own desires and beliefs, the liberal pluralist model describes a close society of individuals sharing common values and freedom to do what they wish. This widely differing versions of what one would call society, directly affects the way in which a particular media should address its public – for the Marxist-based model, the media have to aim at many different groups and code their programmes or articles very carefully in order to reach the widest audience for the subject possible. This need for heavy detail is outlined in Stuart Hall’s model of â€Å"Encoding/Decoding† when he states: Explain the Difference between Marxist-based and Pluralist models of the Media Essay Body Paragraphs â€Å"The second position we would identify is that of the negotiated code or position. Majority audiences probably understand quite adequately what has been dominantly defined and professionally signified.they take ‘large views’ of issues.† (Hall, 1992 pp.137) What Hall is stating here is that the interpretation of the media is a subconscious, uncontrollable process which, not only large social groups, but individuals are susceptible to. The process of communication is not one involving the simple model of ‘sender/message/receiver,’ but in Hall’s model it is one involving production, circulation, consumption and reproduction. Where Hall and Marx have in common in theory is that they both understand that the media is a complex structure in dominance where each level is relatively self-sufficient or ‘autonomous’. This is perhaps where the Marxist-based model of media communication excels, in that it seeks to highlight the individual ity of the consumer that the pluralist model places in broader categories and groupings. In the pluralist model of the media, society is classified as a congregation of individuals, sharing similar beliefs, but ultimately not governed by pre-determined intricate models, as they have the freedom to choose. In a parallel with this, the media market is considered neutral and ungoverned, and therefore also free to regulate or publish whatever they desire. Power is not held by the individual, but by a social grouping of individuals, meaning there is no elitism in society like the Marxist model. Media groups are in continuous competition with each other, but the competition is consented, and those groups who tend to succeed are those who change or evolve to serve the public in a new and different way. At the level of production, there is a selection of laws that restrict some forms of human expression, but in liberal principal, there is still a large element of free speech, and any outcom es are in the public interest. However, involved in this liberal pluralist model are many problems stemming from the fact that it tends to ignore the economic reality of media production, as James Curran states, â€Å"Anyone is free to start a daily national newspaper, but few can afford even to contemplate the prospect† (Curran, 1997, pp.288). Even in knowledge of this, the development of a programme or product in the media industry is not just about expenses, but about skills and man-power. The trend that occurs with this kind of ‘free’ competition is that of monopolisation. The largest companies become those who not only change their produce continuously, or are the best at what they do, but are those companies that earn enough money to buy-out or merge with other businesses to form a much larger corporation with a much greater range of diversification. A recent example of such a monopoly is the AOL Time Warner corporation, where three of the biggest names in media production and facilitation combined together to form a company with some of the most influential forms of media at their disposal, including the internet, television, film and publications to name but a few. With this kind of market power, the AOL Time Warner company can shadow most corporations in similar industries, and can also prevent the majority of small businesses from growing in the trade, or even from simply beginning. In the Marxist-based model of the media, there exist two main kinds of class, those of the ‘Bourgeoisie,’ and those of the ‘Proletariat.’ The Bourgeoisie are the capitalists who own the means of social production and are the employers of wage labour. The Proletariat are the wage-labourers, who, having no means of production of their own, are reduced to selling their labour power in order to make a living. The first theorists to take Marx’s ideas and relate them to theories of mass media in advanced capitalist societies were Theodor Adorno and Max Horkheimer. They realised that the role of ideology in society, especially in terms of social control, had been significantly altered by the arrival of mass communications. They saw the mass media in a very pessimistic light, as a completely dominating consciousness, thus extinguishing the possibility of change or revolution, as can be seen when they say: â€Å"The culture industry perpetually cheats its consumers of what it perpetually promises.the promise, which is actually all the spectacle consists of, is illusionary: all that it actually confirms is that the real point will never be reached, that the diner must be satisfied with the menu.the culture industry does not sublimate; it represses.† (Adorno and Horkheimer, 1993, pp.38) Adorno and Horkheimer are part of the group of Marxist theorists originally based in Frankfurt, known as the ‘Frankfurt School’. The Frankfurt school coined the term ‘culture industries’ to de scribe the way in which they saw the press, entertainment and radio industries becoming capitalist institutions based on profit making and audience massification. The Marxist-based model of the media describes the disappearance of high art, or ‘pure’ entertainment, and the rise of mass media, bringing with it low standards, exploitation and an unskilled workforce. Whereas the pluralist model is based on the principles of free society and unified corporations all at the same level or liberalism, the Marxist-based model describes mass media and indeed the advancement of technology as tools of domination over the public. Whereas in the pluralist model, the public are free to choose what they buy, listen to or watch on television, in the eyes of the Frankfurt school, the media provides a ‘retro-active need’ for the consumer, in that it continuously plies the public with a range of products so that they end up feeling that they require them in order to live a fu ll life. This, along with the supposition that private broadcasters have little power in such a large Bourgeoisie-driven industry, leaves the consumer and indeed the Proletariat with little or no freedom. This is the ultimate difference between the liberal pluralist and the Marxist-based models of the media; the latter feels that mass media and increased range automatically means imitation and standardisation, thus limiting the individual and decreasing their freedom, whereas the former supposes that with the onset of mass media and more diverse range comes greater choice, greater variety, and ultimately a greater amount of freedom. Both the Marxist-based and pluralist models of the media remain relevant today, and still maintain a great source of debate for the culture industry. Although they both differ on many ideas and opinions, I feel that parts can be taken from both analyses of the media in order that greater understanding of the relatively new mass media culture may be reach ed. Both theories have their faults. The liberal pluralist model’s faults are its somewhat vague assumptions that all parts in the cycle of the media deserve equal merit, and perhaps its ignorance concerning the onset of economical issues surrounding mass media and large conglomerate organisations in the industry. The Marxist-based theory of the media is to some extent better explored as an argument, but it tends, especially in the case of the Frankfurt School, to be very pessimistic regarding all aspects of mass media, and thus ignores the positive aspects such as greater choice for the individual and consumers using popular culture in a contributing way to society. The media is one of the ways in society in which, in the form of power can both dominate and be dominated, and with the constantly changing forms of the media, and ever-advancing technology at the industry’s disposal, theories must advance too. With both the Marxist-based and pluralist models of the media, despite their differences, there is a great deal of freedom to advance and expand on the theories now and into the future. We will write a custom essay sample on Explain the Difference between Marxist-based and Pluralist models of the Media Essay Example specifically for you for only $16.38 $13.9/page Order now We will write a custom essay sample on Explain the Difference between Marxist-based and Pluralist models of the Media Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer We will write a custom essay sample on Explain the Difference between Marxist-based and Pluralist models of the Media Essay Example specifically for you FOR ONLY $16.38 $13.9/page Hire Writer

How does Shakespeare engage the audience in Ac 4, Scene 1 of Othello Essays

How does Shakespeare engage the audience in Ac 4, Scene 1 of Othello Essays How does Shakespeare engage the audience in Ac 4, Scene 1 of Othello Essay How does Shakespeare engage the audience in Ac 4, Scene 1 of Othello Essay This scene Act 4, scene 1- reinforced the purpose of the play; jealousy. Act 3 finishes very uneasy. Desdemona has now recognised her husband is jealous even though she never gave him cause, she has never realised that the handkerchief is missing and is causing Othello to become angrier. Desdemonas response to this shows the wide-awake, down-to-earth realism about human affairs of which she has already given evidence. It is clear that something of her sense of the absolute and unique nature of their love has been diminished. The spring of the tragedy is now wound up to its tightest and all we can do is be helpless as it unwinds with irresistible and utterly destructive momentum. Shakespeare uses many different themes through the play, one of them being racism. This is a topic brought up many times in the play. Racism is one of the reasons that Iago dislikes Othello, referring him as an old black ram! This shows how jealous Iago is and how false his portrayal of Othello actually is. Iago commands Othellos imagination, conjuring up distressing images of infidelity early in the scene. Iago plays devils advocate by saying be naked in bed with her friend. He suggests Desdemonas honour -like her handkerchief- is hers to give away as she chooses. Othello, however, is incapable now of perceiving the physical existence of it with the guilty that Iago has steepened. Without even needing to think, he predictably says that the handkerchief is a sign of Desdemonas honour. Iago obliquely applies with his literalistic characteristic. Her honour is an essence thats not seen: They have it very oft that have it not But for the handkerchief- Othello evidentially didnt need to be reminded. You know this from the quote I would most gladly have forgotten it! Despite trying to forget it, he clearly cant banish it from his thoughts. Othello speaks disjointedly and distractedly he is barely in control of his own senses. He contradicts himself throughout this from the earlier line, to be once in doubt is once to be resolved. Othello is desperate to find out that the truth between doubt and certainty. Hes stuck between longing and loathing Desdemona. His convulsion is the physical expression of his inner torment. It is ironic that Iago calls his poisoness influence, medicine. (Line 45, Act 4, scene 1) It seems cruel that Iago should tell Othello to bear your fortune like a man (line 61) while at the same time torturing him with thoughts who make other men cuckolds every night. Iago knows that Othello will begin to lose his huge pride and make this idea endurable. His promise to be, most cunning in my patience (line 91) is alarming; Othello also intends to be most bloody in the same line. Could this be a sign of him moving closer to the atrocity of the final act? We might also view his striking of Desdemona as a prelude to the physical violence that is to occur later in the play. Between the lines of 90-97, you see that Iago jokes about Biancas fondness for Cassio, proving that Iago is rather heartless. It is a creature that dotes on Cassio. Like many times before, the theme of animals is brought in. I think this means that they use the idea of use and abuse as if theyre treating her as if she has no feelings herself. However, the Elizabethan audience werent the slightest bit bothered by this. They saw prostitution and such a common thing that would happen quite a lot. Othello would never get much sympathy from the audience because of racial circumstances. The audience were often white and catholic which was everything the Moor was not. Othello was black and was most likely to be Muslim. Most of the sympathy would fall on Desdemona throughout the play. The dramatic effect of Othellos many asides could elevate the scene to become farcical. Iago and Cassio represent soldiers poorly throughout this scene. This could be because soldiers seem to know exactly what they want, whereas they do not. Theyre also made out to be very crude and disrespectful towards women. This was how they were viewed in line 16 as well. The most low and rough joined the army. This is a theme mentioned throughout the play. In scene 4, on line 145 onwards it mentions the handkerchief again. This, is Othellos eyes is evidence that Desdemona committed adultery. In Othellos eyes, there is only black and white. There are no suspicions but only obvious convictions. After Bianca throws down the handkerchief in front of Othello, Othello says the line, By heaven, that should be my handkerchief! (Line 154) This sounds like an anguished cry of recognition escaping from Othello as the fateful handkerchief appears again. Iago is anxious to get rid of Cassio in case he says anything that might reveal that it is Bianca that he had been talking about before she had entered. Lot of Biancas lines and verses are very bland and not poetic. I think Shakespeare wrote like this so Bianca appears low class because shes a prostitute. I think this is a good idea. It reminds the reader about the character attitude and personality. On line 161, an anxious mood is created. I may chance to see you, for I would very fain speak with you. Othello needs no more persuading now. The only question running through his mind is How? Iago doesnt reply and this enrages Othello even more. There are opposing feelings portrayed in line 182. I do but say what she is. So delicate with her needle. This is a memory of Desdemona before she poisoned his thoughts. The line the pity of it, Iago has an effect on the audience. By the use of the word pity it makes the reader feel sorry for him. This is a good technique. Catholics around in the Elizabethan time considered adultery a massive sin. They felt if you committed adultery youd go to hell and burn. They felt it was against the 10 commandments.

Equity and trusts Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 3000 words

Equity and trusts - Essay Example If each of these elements can be ascertained by reference to Sadhia’s will and trust instrument, the trustees will be bound by her dispositions. However, the emphasis is on certainty of intention. It was held in Tana & Anor V Tana & Anor, that â€Å"certainty of intention is in many ways the most important† certainty.2 Therefore, in a typical case, once the court is satisfied that the â€Å"declarant had the requisite intention it will strive to validate it.†3 It is against this background that the trustees of Sadhia’s estate should proceed. Bearing in mind that certainty of intention is the most important element for determining whether or not each of Sahdia’s gifts form valid declarations of trusts, the trustees are advised to proceed with this mindset. The gift of the cottage to Sadhia’s husband appears at first glance to be a discretionary trust in that the declaration assumes that her husband will do what is necessary to benefit the children of the marriage. In other words Sadhia has left the question of their children’s benefit up to her husband’s broad discretion. Certainty of subject matter is unambiguously Sadhia’s cottage and that is assuming Sadhia only has one cottage capable of being distinguished from any other realty she leaves behind. The objects of the trust are also unambiguously stated and are the children that Sadhia shares with her husband. The difficulty however, involves certainty of intention. It was held in Wright v Atkyns Turn & R 143 it is possible to descern whether or not there was an intention to create a trust by the words used. However those words must be clear and imperative4 although he failure to use specific words will not render the creation of a trust invalid.5 That said, the use of the words â€Å"in full confidence that he will do what is necessary to benefit our